Global Treatment Services Pvt. Ltd.

Global Treatment Services

Pectus Excavatum

Dec 25, 2025 Posted by admin Cardiology, Cosmetic Surgeries 0 comments

Overview

Pectus excavatum (or funnel chest) is a common chest wall deformity where the breastbone (sternum) and ribs grow inward, creating a sunken or caved-in appearance, often noticeable at birth or during teenage growth spurts. While mild cases are cosmetic, severe cases can cause shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, and reduced exercise tolerance by affecting heart and lung function, leading to treatments like physical therapy, vacuum devices, or surgery (Nuss or Ravitch procedures) to correct the shape.

Causes

  • Congenital: Present at birth, often due to excess growth of connective tissue joining ribs to the sternum, causing it to push inward. 
  • Growth Spurt: Can become more noticeable during teenage growth spurts.
  • Genetics: May have a genetic link and can run in families.

Symptoms 

  • Physical: 
    A noticeable dip in the chest; can be accompanied by rounded shoulders, flared lower ribs, and poor posture. 
  • Functional: 
    In severe cases, it can compress the heart and lungs, leading to exercise intolerance, chest pain, fatigue, or breathing issues. 
  • Psychological: 
    Can cause significant self-consciousness, leading individuals to avoid activities like swimming.

    Diagnosis

  • Visual examination of the chest.
  • Tests like X-rays or CT scans to assess heart and lung impact. 

 

Treatment Options

  • Observation: Mild cases with no symptoms may need no treatment. 
  • Surgical (for severe cases or significant impact):
  • Nuss Procedure: Minimally invasive, involves placing curved metal bars under the sternum to push it forward, removed later. 
  • Ravitch Procedure: Open surgery to reshape the sternum and cartilage, sometimes with a bar placement. 

 

This  article is for information purpose only, if you wish to take second opinion with us – kindly share the reports on email – query@gtsmeditour.com or you can what’sapp us on +91 9164822440 . we shall be assisting you through out your medical treatment journey abroad.

 

Male Infertility

Dec 17, 2025 Posted by admin Andrology, Infertility 0 comments

Overview

Male infertility is basically a  condition that affects men, an inability to cause pregnancy in a fertile female. Male infertility is a growing concern in India, linked to lifestyle factors like pollution, stress, poor diet, smoking, and alcohol, contributing to 40-50% of couples’ inability to conceive, with sperm issues (count, motility, quality) being primary. Despite the high prevalence of male infertility in India, there is still a lack of awareness about the condition and its causes. This lack of awareness often leads to feelings of shame and stigma among those affected by it. Additionally, there is a lack of access to quality healthcare in many parts of the country, which makes it difficult for couples struggling with infertility to get the help they need. male infertility contributes to 40-50% of all cases. The high prevalence of male infertility in India is likely due to a combination of factors, including the country’s large population, poor awareness about fertility and reproductive health, and limited access to quality healthcare. however treatments like ICSI, sperm freezing, and surgical retrieval offer hope, alongside growing awareness to overcome societal stigma. 

 

CAUSES

Sometimes a man is born with the problems that affect his sperm. Other times problems start later in life due to illness or injury. Infertility in men is most often caused by

  • Sperm Count – problems making sperm i.e. producing too few sperm or none at all
  • Sperm Motility – problems with the sperm’s ability to reach the egg and fertilize it i.e. abnormal sperm shape or structure prevent it from moving correctly.
  • Blockages – Blocks in the ducts that carry sperm (vas deferens) can be due to vasectomy or injury or can also be congenital.
  • Hormonal Problems – Disorders of the testicles or abnormalities affecting other hormonal systems like the pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, and adrenal glands
  • Genetic Disorders – Such as cystic fibrosis.
  • Lifestyle & Environmental Factors – Alcohol, drugs, environmental toxins, smoking, radiation treatment and chemotherapy for cancer and age related issues.
  • Miscellaneous Factors – Varicocele, Infections like Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, Chlamydia or Mumps

 

Diagnosis

  • Semen Analysis: The first step, checking sperm count, motility (movement), and morphology (shape).
  • Advanced Tests: Sperm DNA fragmentation tests help identify DNA damage.

TREATMENT

The good news is that over 50% of men will have a treatable cause of male factor infertility. These factors include varicoceles, infections, hormonal abnormalities, abnormalities in the seminal fluid, ductal blockages, and difficulties with erections and ejaculation. When these conditions are treated, either through medication or surgery a man will often see a significant improvement in his semen analysis. Men with idiopathic or unexplained infertility can make lifestyle changes that may result in improvement in his semen analysis.

LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS

  • Quit Smoking
  • Stop Taking Recreational Drugs
  • Anabolic Steroids (male hormones) use has reached almost epidemic proportions. 6.6% of 12th grade males use or have used them to build muscle mass and improve athletic performance. These male hormones suppress the testes ability to make testosterone. This decreases the intratesticular testosterone level. Anabolic steroids also depress testicular production of testosterone and, thus, levels of testosterone inside the testes itself. This may cause severely diminished spermatogenesis or complete absence of sperm (azoospermia). When taken, these steroids cause a persistent depression of the hypothalamus and pituitary that may be irreversible, even when the steroids are stopped.
  • Reduce Alcohol
  • Avoid Lubricants

Most vaginal lubricants, including K-Y Jelly, Surgilube, and Lubifax are toxic to sperm. Couples should avoid their use during the fertile time of a woman’s cycle.

  • Exercise
  • Avoid High Temperatures
  • Take Vitamins (Antioxidants)

ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY (ART)

Men with poor semen analyses whose conditions are not treatable or unexplained may still have the option of using advanced reproductive techniques to achieve a pregnancy. Even those men with no sperm in the ejaculate are able to have some living sperm procured from them through surgical methods and achieve a pregnancy using the conventional technique of ICSI or the more advanced IMSI in which the digitally enhanced, magnified images of the sperm allow the embryologist to detect any structural alterations and abnormality that are otherwise hard to locate with conventional methods. Surgical sperm retrieval techniques like TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration), PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) & Micro TESE (Microdissection Testicular Sperm Extraction) ensure that even men who have no sperms in the ejaculate can opt for ART.

 

This is a brief overview of male infertility, only for informational purpose. If you have any further queries, please reach us at query@gtsmeditour.com or you can whatsapp your query related to multispeciality approach on +91 9164822440  we would be happy to assist in getting you a complimentary second opinion and best treatment option available with quality care approach.

 

 

 

Melasma

Dec 15, 2025 Posted by admin Dermatology 0 comments

Meaning

Melasma is a form of hyperpigmentation it’s not itchy or painful but can affect confidence, happens because of overproduction of the melanin triggered by sun exposure, during pregnancy, hormonal changes, genetics some medications and stress.It is common, harmless and some treatments may help. Melasma usually fades after a few months. Sometimes called the “mask of pregnancy” due to its link with hormonal shifts. 

 Some Common Triggers & Causes

  • Sunlight: UV radiation stimulates melanin production, making sun exposure a major factor. 
  • Hormones: Pregnancy, oral contraceptives, and hormonal therapies are significant triggers. 
  • Genetics: A hereditary tendency to develop melasma exists. 
  • Visible Light: Light from screens and devices can also worsen it. 

      Types of melasma

    There are three types of melasma and they have to do with the depth of the pigment. A Wood’s lamp that emits black light may be used to determine the depth of the pigment. The three types are:

    1. Epidermal: Epidermal melasma has a dark brown color, a well-defined border, appears obvious under black light and sometimes responds well to treatment.
    2. Dermal: Dermal melasma has a light brown or bluish color, a blurry border, appears no differently under black light and doesn’t respond well to treatment.
    3. Mixed melasma: Mixed melasma, which is the most common of the three, has both bluish and brown patches, shows a mixed pattern under black light and shows some response to treatment.

    Treatment & Management

     Melasma can be stubborn and difficult to treat effectively. A dermatologist can help determine the best course of action.

    Sun Protection: 
    Essential, including broad-spectrum SPF 50+, hats, and avoiding midday sun. 
    Topical Treatments: Can involve prescription creams, chemical peels, or laser therapy, often needing long-term maintenance.  Medicated creams, such as hydroquinone, tretinoin, and azelaic acid, are common treatments that help lighten the dark patches by reducing melanin production.
    Procedures: For persistent cases, in-office procedures like chemical peels, microdermabrasion, or certain laser therapies may be recommended, though these should only be performed by a board-certified dermatologist due to potential risks, especially in darker skin tones.
    In many cases, especially when triggered by pregnancy or medication, melasma may fade on its own after the trigger is removed. However, without strict sun avoidance, it can easily return.
    This article is for informational purposes only. For medical advice or diagnosis, consult a professional or connect us at query@gtsmeditour.com or whatsapp on +91 9164822440  for free second opinion and best treatment options .
    Thank you..!

Viral Fever / Infection

Sep 12, 2025 Posted by admin General Health 0 comments

Overview

Viral fever is not a disease but a symptom of viral infections. It occurs when the body detects the presence of a virus and triggers an immune response by raising the body temperature. This elevated temperature creates an unfavourable environment for the virus, helping the immune system fight off the infection.

Viral fever can manifest differently depending on the type of virus and the systems it affects. For instance:

  • Respiratory viruses may cause symptoms such as sore throat, cough, and congestion.
  • Mosquito-borne viruses like dengue or Zika often present with fever, rash, and joint pain.
  • Gastrointestinal viruses like rotavirus may lead to fever accompanied by diarrhoea and vomiting.

All of us will get viral infections at some point. But you’re at increased risk of serious illness from certain types of viruses if you:

  • Are under 5 or over 65.
  • Have certain health conditions, like diabetes, asthma, COPD or other chronic lung disease.
  • Have a weakened immune system (from HIV/AIDS, cancer or immunosuppressive medications).
  • Are pregnant.

While most viral fevers resolve within a few days, some may last longer or lead to complications, underscoring the importance of understanding and managing this condition.

Symptoms

Symptoms of a viral infection depend on where you’re infected, but some common ones include:

  • Flu-like symptoms: fever, head and body aches, fatigue.
  • Upper respiratory symptoms: sore throat, cough, sneezing.
  • Digestive symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
  • Skin conditions: rashes, sores, blisters, warts.

Causes

Viral fever is caused by various types of viruses that invade the body and trigger an immune response. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the common causes:

  1. Respiratory Viruses:
    • Influenza Virus: Causes seasonal flu with fever, cough, and body aches.
    • Rhinovirus: Common cause of the common cold, often accompanied by mild fever.
    • Coronavirus: Includes strains like SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), which may lead to severe symptoms.
  2. Mosquito-Borne Viruses:
    • Dengue Virus: Transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, causing high fever, rash, and joint pain.
    • Zika Virus: Known for fever and its association with birth defects in pregnant women.
    • Chikungunya Virus: Characterized by fever and severe joint pain.
  3. Gastrointestinal Viruses:
    • Rotavirus: Common in children, causing diarrhea and fever.
    • Norovirus: Highly contagious, leading to stomach pain, vomiting, and fever.
  4. Exanthematic Viruses (causing skin rashes):
    • Measles Virus: High fever with characteristic red rashes.
    • Rubella Virus: Milder fever with a pink rash.
  5. Bloodborne Viruses:
    • Hepatitis Viruses: Hepatitis A, B, and C can cause fever along with liver inflammation.
    • HIV: Fever is often one of the early manifestations of HIV infection.
  6. Modes of Transmission:
    • Airborne Transmission: Spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
    • Direct Contact: Transmission through touching contaminated surfaces or close contact with an infected individual.
    • Vector Transmission: Carried by vectors like mosquitoes or ticks.

Diagnosis

Types of samples they might take include:

  • Blood.
  • Spit (saliva).
  • Phlegm or mucus (sputum).
  • Cells from your nose or nasopharynx (nasal/nasopharyngeal swab).
  • Skin or other affected tissue.
  • Fluid around your brain and spinal cord (CNS fluid).
  • Pee (urine).
  • Poop (stool).
  • Cells from your cervix (Pap smear). Pap smears can find HPV, a virus that can cause cancer. The kind of HPV that can lead to cancer doesn’t usually have symptoms.

Duration of Viral Fever

The duration of viral fever depends on the virus and the individual’s immune response:

  1. Mild Cases
    • Typically last 3–5 days.
    • Symptoms like fatigue and mild fever resolve quickly with rest and hydration.
  2. Moderate Cases
    • Can persist for 7–10 days.
    • Common in infections like influenza or dengue, where body aches and fever may linger.
  3. Severe Cases
    • Duration may exceed two weeks.
    • Severe viral infections like COVID-19 or hemorrhagic fevers may require prolonged care.

Post-viral fatigue, where individuals feel weak and tired for weeks after the fever resolves, is also common and typically improves with adequate rest and nutrition.

Management and Treatment

Medications a healthcare provider might prescribe to treat viral infections include antiviral medications, convalescent plasma and post-exposure prophylaxis.

Specific medications are only available for a few viral infections. For viruses that can cause life-threatening or chronic illness, a provider may prescribe antiviral medications or treatment that prevents you from getting sick after being exposed to a virus.

For infections that rarely cause serious illness, like the common cold, you can usually treat the symptoms at home while you wait for them to go away on their own.

Conclusion

Viral fever is a common condition that requires careful management. By understanding its symptoms, causes, and treatments, you can recover faster and prevent complications. While most viral fevers resolve on their own, severe cases require medical intervention. Practicing good hygiene, staying hydrated, and seeking timely medical care are key to managing viral fever effectively.

Please feel free to contact us for further medical management  abroad via email query@gtsmeditour.com

Niemann-Pick disease type C

Aug 30, 2025 Posted by admin Gastroenterology, Neurology, Psychiatry, Pulmonology, Therapists 0 comments

Overview

Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a slowly progressive lysosomal disorder whose principal manifestations are age dependent. The manifestations in the perinatal period and infancy are predominantly visceral, with hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, and (in some instances) pulmonary infiltrates. Symptoms are progressive and vary by age, but typically include visceral issues like liver and spleen enlargement in early life, followed by neurological and psychiatric symptoms such as difficulty with coordination, speaking, swallowing, learning, and seizures. Treatment focuses on supportive care and managing symptoms, as there is no cure.

Cause

  • NPC is caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 genes, which are responsible for producing proteins that help transport cholesterol within cells. 
  • The resulting inability to move and use cholesterol and other lipids leads to their excessive buildup, particularly in the lysosomes and late endosomes of cells. 

Symptoms

Symptoms are progressive and can vary widely depending on the patient’s age at onset.

Early-onset

  • Primarily visceral symptoms, including: 

  • Jaundice 
  • Enlargement of the liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly) 
  • In some cases, pulmonary infiltrates 

Late-onset 

Predominantly neurological and psychiatric symptoms, such as: 

  • Neurological: Clumsiness, difficulty with coordination, loss of balance, slurred speech (dysarthria), trouble swallowing (dysphagia), progressive dementia, seizures, and vertical supranuclear gaze palsy (difficulty moving the eyes up and down). 
  • Psychiatric: Behavioral problems, depression, and even psychosis. 

Diagnosis 

  • Diagnosis is made through gene sequencing or genetic testing to identify mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 genes.
  • It may also be confirmed by metabolic studies or other tests that reveal the characteristic lipid storage in cells.

Management

  • No Cure: There is no cure for NPC, and treatments are limited to supportive care. 
  • Symptomatic Treatment: Medications can be used to manage specific symptoms, such as neurological or behavioral issues. 
  • Multidisciplinary Care: Management involves a team of specialists who provide supportive therapies, including occupational therapy, to improve posture, movement, and speech. NPC is a relentless, progressive disease that ultimately leads to death. 
  • The lifespan of affected individuals varies greatly, from a few days in some cases to over 60 years, although most patients die between the ages of 10 and 25

To conclude if you come across anyone battling with disease untreatable in your country can share the latest medical reports via email query@gtsmeditour.com and get the best assistance.

Team,

GTS

Myokymia/ Eye twitching

Aug 30, 2025 Posted by admin General Health, Ophthalmology, Uncategorized 0 comments

Overview

Eyelid myokymia makes your eyelids twitch or involuntary muscle movement can be seen on skin and if you don’t know why, it’s natural to feel confused or concerned. This condition is extremely common, especially under certain circumstances. But fortunately, it’s also usually nothing to worry about. And even when it’s due to more serious conditions, the twitching is usually very treatable. It is often triggered by stress, fatigue, poor nutrition, or excessive caffeine intake. While typically self-limiting, lasting a few days or weeks, persistent or severe cases may warrant medical attention.Myokymia is usually a minor, temporary concern. Most cases go away within days or weeks without any treatment. But sometimes, eyelid myokymia becomes more than just an annoyance and starts interfering with your work or other parts of your daily routine. Treatment may also be an option if you have myokymia that happens consistently for at least three months.

Symptoms

The main symptom of eyelid myokymia is a twitching you can feel (and you can probably see it if you look in a mirror while it happens). Myokymia twitches usually last only seconds to minutes, but they can last hours for some people. In rare cases, they can become constant.

The twitches are usually:

  • Slow
  • Constant
  • Gentle
  • Rippling (almost like waves on water)

Myokymia usually affects just one eye at a time, but it can affect both. You can have it in your upper or lower eyelids, but lower is more common. In rare cases, it will affect both the upper and lower eyelids of the same eye. Myokymia can sometimes also cause nystagmus (when the eyelid twitching also makes your eyeball move).

Causes

Some of the most common causes of myokymia include:

  • Being tired or sleep-deprived
  • Caffeine intake (especially if you have too much)
  • Nicotine use
  • Dry eyes
  • Severe fatigue or overexerting yourself
  • Stress

Diagnosis

An eye care specialist/Optholmologist or other provider can usually diagnose eyelid myokymia with a simple physical exam and a neurological exam. These exams let your provider watch the twitching happen and diagnose it or rule out other causes based on what they see.

When myokymia is longer-lasting, more disruptive or starts spreading and getting worse, your eye specialist or other provider will likely recommend other tests. These are usually imaging tests like CT scans or MRIs.

Treatment

The most common treatment approaches include:

  • Changing things that could cause or contribute to your myokymia. Some simple examples include limiting how much caffeine you consume, managing your stress or making sure to get enough quality sleep. Limiting alcohol intake and reducing or quitting nicotine (including smoking and vaping, or smokeless forms like chewing tobacco or snuff) may also help. These can also reduce your risk of developing myokymia in the first place.
  • Medication changes. If you’re having myokymia because of a medication, your provider may recommend changing to another.
  • Medication injections. The most common medication treatments for myokymia are neurotoxins like onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®). They temporarily block nerve signals traveling to your eyelids. The injection points are all around your eye, just underneath your skin, and this doesn’t involve any injections into your eye itself. These medications paralyze the related muscles, keeping the twitching from happening entirely until the effect wears off.

Eyelid myokymia is usually nothing to worry about. For most people, it’s a minor condition and isn’t enough to affect their usual routines and activities. The twitching from myokymia often lasts only a few seconds to minutes, and it’ll probably go away if you resolve the potential causes or contributing factors like lack of sleep or caffeine intake.

But if eyelid myokymia doesn’t go away after a few weeks or it’s disrupting your life, it’s a good idea to talk to an eye care specialist or your primary care provider. They can help figure out what might be causing your myokymia or refer you to a provider who can diagnose and treat it.

If you have any big concerns related to health you can connect us via email : query@gtsmeditour.com.

Tetanus (Lockjaw)

Aug 10, 2025 Posted by admin General 0 comments

Overview

Tetanus is commonly known as lockjaw. Tetanus is an infection caused by bacteria called Clostridium tetani (C. tetani), that are found in the environment. It isn’t the rust on that nail or sharp bit of metal that causes tetanus. That rust just means it could have tetanus-causing bacteria on it. Tetanus is an uncommon but very serious disease of the nervous system causes muscle contractions, particularly of your jaw and neck muscles, that requires immediate treatment in a hospital. Tetanus is preventable, and timely treatment can spare you from this  deadly disease. Immediate and good wound care can help prevent infection. Tetanus vaccination can save your life. People who receive at least three doses of the tetanus vaccine almost always survive this disease. And even partial vaccination can make your case less severe. Tetanus is a risk that you can easily avoid with the right medical care. If you think you might need a tetanus booster shot, talk to your healthcare provider or visit an urgent care clinic. An urgent care facility or your primary care provider’s office can give you the booster at the same time as treating your injury.

Symptoms

Symptoms typically occur between 3 and 21 days (average 8 days) after someone is exposed to C. tetani.

The first sign is most commonly spasms of the jaw muscles, or “lockjaw.”

Other symptoms can include:

  • Trouble swallowing
  • Sudden, involuntary muscle spasms — often in the stomach
  • Painful muscle stiffness all over the body
  • Seizures (jerking or staring)
  • Headache
  • Fever and sweating
  • Changes in blood pressure and heart rate

Causes

Tetanus happens because of a toxin that C. tetani bacteria make. That’s why tetanus doesn’t spread person-to-person.

Tetanus-causing germs can enter a wound in either a spore or bacilli (active bacteria) form. The spore form is harder to kill, and it can survive boiling water. The spores live in soil, especially soil with manure mixed in. It’s easier for this bacteria to get into deeper cuts and punctures. And tetanus with deeper wounds is often more severe.

Some ways you can get this bacteria in a wound include:

  • Broken bones that break through your skin (compound fractures)
  • Burns
  • Crush injuries that break skin
  • Dental infections
  • Insect bites and dog bites that get contaminated
  • Surgical wounds
  • Using contaminated needles or medical instruments
  • Minor injuries that can happen around the house, like cuts and scrapes or stepping on a nail

While wounds are the usual entry point, many people don’t remember getting the wound that caused tetanus for them. Research shows that up to half of all cases don’t have an identifiable wound or infection site that experts can pinpoint.

Tetanus, a serious bacterial infection, has four main clinical types:

  • Generalized Tetanus:

            This is the most common form, characterized by widespread muscle spasms and rigidity, particularly in the jaw         (lockjaw), neck, and back. 

  • Localized Tetanus:
    Muscle spasms are restricted to the area around the site of infection. This form can sometimes progress to generalized tetanus. 
  • Cephalic Tetanus:
    Affects the cranial nerves, leading to facial muscle spasms and weakness, often alongside lockjaw. 
  • Neonatal Tetanus:
    Occurs in newborns, typically within the first 28 days of life, and is characterized by difficulty feeding, excessive crying, and generalized muscle stiffness.

Diagnosis

Healthcare providers usually decide if someone has tetanus by looking for common signs and symptoms. They may also ask about a recent history of cuts, scrapes, punctures, and trauma. No lab or other kinds of tests can confirm tetanus.

Treatment and recovery

Tetanus is a medical emergency requiring:

  • Evaluation and care in the hospital
  • Immediate treatment with TIG
  • Aggressive wound care
  • Drugs to control muscle spasms
  • Antibiotics
  • Tetanus vaccination

Conclusion

Tetanus is a severe, life-threatening condition. But with proper treatment, most people recover. Most people develop symptoms about a week after the bacteria get into their body. But it can happen as quickly as two days or as long as three weeks after.

The muscle spasms from tetanus will start around where they entered your body. You’ll then develop muscle spasms in the muscles around your eyes and trouble opening your jaw. The spasms can be painful and typically spread downward to your neck and back.

Your healthcare team will prioritize keeping your airway open using intubation. Once that’s done, they’ll start treating your other symptoms. That includes making you as comfortable as possible with medications to dampen muscle spasms and manage any pain you have.

Tetanus can vary depending on many factors. Your healthcare provider can tell you more about what you’re likely to experience. They can also guide you on what you can do to help yourself as you recover. But in general, with proper treatment, the odds of survival with tetanus are good.

Further if your nearones or dearones are looking for treatment abroad you can connect via email media@gtsmeditour.com and share all the latest reports of the patient and get a medical opinion for the same at zero cost and treatment plan assistance, accomodation etc.

Happy to assist..!

Thank you..!

Myiasis

Jul 29, 2025 Posted by admin Dermatology 0 comments

Overview

Myiasis is parasitic infestation of the body of a live animal by fly larvae (maggots) that grow inside the host while feeding on its tissue. It is a condition primarily associated with poor hygiene, open wounds, and occurs more frequently in tropical and subtropical regions. Myiasis often occurs when gravid female flies deposit eggs or larvae directly onto wounds or mucous membranes. Factors increasing risk include untreated wounds, poor oral hygiene, alcoholism, dementia, and immunocompromised states. so, If you suspect you have myiasis, it’s crucial to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Myiasis can be classified by the affected body area and the relationship of the larvae to the host:
  • Cutaneous myiasis: involves skin infestation and can be further categorized as furuncular (forming boil-like lesions), wound (infestation of existing wounds), or migratory (larvae moving under the skin). 
  • Cavity myiasis: affects orifices like the mouth, ear, or nose. 
  • Ophthalmic myiasis: affects the eye, causing symptoms like conjunctivitis and lid swelling. 
  • Genital myiasis: is rare but can occur, particularly in individuals with conditions like uterovaginal prolapse. 

Causes

  • Myiasis occurs when flies lay their eggs on or near a person’s wound, sore, or other body openings, such as the nose or ears.
  • Some flies may also lay eggs on clothing that is then worn, transferring the larvae to the skin.
  • Risk factors include poor hygiene, unsanitary living conditions, contact with animals, open wounds, and travel to tropical and subtropical areas where myiasis-causing flies are more prevalent.
  • People with compromised immune systems are also at higher risk. 

Symptoms

Symptoms vary depending on the type and location of the infestation but can include:
  • Pain and discomfort.
  • Itching and irritation.
  • A sensation of movement or crawling under the skin.
  • Visible boil-like lesions or lumps.
  • Openings in the center of the lesions where the larvae breathe.
  • Pus-filled bumps.
  • Swelling and tenderness.
  • In some cases, systemic symptoms like fever, chills, and fatigue may occur. 

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is typically based on:
  • A thorough medical history and physical examination.
  • Visual identification of the larvae.
  • In some cases, blood tests or imaging tests may be used.
  • Immunodiagnostic tests may detect antibodies to specific fly species.

Treatment

Treatment options depend on the type of myiasis and may include:
  • Larvae removal: This is the primary treatment. Methods include:
  • Occlusion: Covering the opening of the lesion with a substance like petroleum jelly to suffocate the larva and encourage it to emerge.
  • Mechanical extraction: Removing the larvae with forceps or by applying pressure.
  • Surgical removal: May be necessary for deeply embedded larvae or if other methods fail.
  • Wound care: Thorough cleaning, antiseptic dressings, and debridement are important.
  • Antibiotics: May be prescribed to treat secondary bacterial infections.
  • Anti-parasitic medications: In some cases, medications like oral or topical ivermectin may be used to kill the larvae and facilitate removal.
  • Intestinal myiasis: May resolve on its own, or anti-parasitic medication may be prescribed.

Prevention

  • Maintain good personal hygiene.
  • Properly care for any open wounds or sores.
  • In areas where myiasis is common, take steps to prevent fly bites, such as wearing protective clothing and using insect repellents containing DEET.
  • Dispose of animal carcasses and refuse properly to deny flies breeding grounds. 

Conclusion

Prevention is better than cure, if you are looking treatment abroad kindly share the medical reports via email query@gtsmeditour.com and get the best medical opinion from our major hospitals empanel with us. we are here available to assist you 24/7 through treatment, accomodation and best cuisine available.

Happy to assist..!

Thank you

Team – GTS

Melanocytic nevus

Jul 20, 2025 Posted by admin Dermatology 0 comments

Overview

Melanocytic nevus is a skin condition characterized by an abnormally dark, noncancerous skin patch (nevus) that is composed of pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. It is present from birth (congenital) or is noticeable soon after birth. Benign nevi are usually round or oval-shaped and are uniform in colour. Melanocytic nevi are a reflection of genetic factors, such as family history, and environmental factors—primarily, sun exposure. As melanocytic nevi age, they often become lighter in color. They may also elevate but should become softer to the touch. Affected individuals may feel anxiety or emotional stress due to the impact the nevus may have on their appearance and their health. Children with giant congenital melanocytic nevus can develop emotional or behavior problems.Treatment options include surgical excision, laser therapy, and other methods. 

Types of Melanocytic Nevi: 

    • Congenital Melanocytic Nevi (CMN): Present at birth or within the first few weeks of life. They can be small, medium, or large/giant, with giant CMNs being of particular concern due to a higher risk of melanoma. 
  • Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: Develop after birth and are often referred to as “moles”. 
  • Dysplastic Nevi (Atypical Moles): These moles have an irregular appearance and may be more likely to develop into melanoma, though most remain benign. 

People with giant congenital melanocytic nevus may have more than one nevus (plural: nevi). The other nevi are often smaller than the giant nevus. Affected individuals may have one or two additional nevi or multiple small nevi that are scattered over the skin; these are known as satellite or disseminated nevi.

Affected individuals may feel anxiety or emotional stress due to the impact the nevus may have on their appearance and their health. Children with giant congenital melanocytic nevus can develop emotional or behavior problems.

Some people with giant congenital melanocytic nevus develop a condition called neurocutaneous melanosis, which is the presence of pigment-producing skin cells (melanocytes) in the tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord. These melanocytes may be spread out or grouped together in clusters. Their growth can cause increased pressure in the brain, leading to headache, vomiting, irritability, seizures, and movement problems. Tumors in the brain may also develop.

Causes

The cause of this condition is not clearly understood, but it is thought to result from a defect in embryologic development during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. The defect is thought to cause a proliferation of melanocytes, the cells responsible for normal skin color. When melanocytes are produced at an extremely rapid rate, they form in clusters instead of spreading out evenly, resulting in abnormal skin pigmentation in some areas of the body.

Genes can influence a person’s moles. Dysplastic nevus syndrome is a largely hereditary condition that causes a person to have a large quantity of moles (often 100 or more), with some larger than normal or atypical. This often leads to a higher risk of melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer. Dysplastic nevi are more likely than ordinary moles to become cancerous. While dysplastic nevi are common, and many people have a few of these abnormal moles, having more than 50 ordinary moles also increases the risk of developing melanoma.

In the general population, a slight majority of melanomas do not form in existing moles but rather create new growths on the skin. Somewhat surprisingly, this pattern also applies to those with dysplastic nevi. These individuals are at a higher risk of melanoma occurring not only where there is an existing mole but also in areas without moles. Consequently, such persons need regular examinations to check for changes in their moles and to identify any new ones.

Diagnosis

Melanocytic naevi are usually diagnosed clinically by their typical appearance. If there is any doubt about the diagnosis, an expert may be consulted in person or with the help of clinical and dermatoscopic images.

  • A naevus changes size, shape, structure or colour
  • A new naevus develops in adult life (> 40 years)
  • It appears different from the person’s other naevi (a so-called ugly duckling)
  • It has ABCD characteristics (Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Colour variation, Diameter > 6 mm)
  • It is bleeding, crusted or itchy.

Most skin lesions with these characteristics are actually harmless when evaluated by an expert using dermatoscopy. Short-term digital dermatoscopic imaging may be used in equivocal flat lesions to check for change over time.

Naevi that remain suspicious for melanoma are excised for histopathology (diagnostic biopsy). A partial biopsy is not recommended, as it may miss an area of cancerous change.

 Treatment

Most melanocytic naevi are harmless and can be safely left alone. They may be removed in the following circumstances:

  • To exclude cancer
  • If a naevus is a nuisance: perhaps irritated by clothing, comb or razor
  • Cosmetic reasons: the mole is unsightly.

Surgical techniques include:

  • Excision biopsy of a flat or suspicious melanocytic naevus
  • Shave biopsy of a protruding melanocytic naevus
  • Electrosurgical destruction
  • Laser to lessen pigment or remove coarse hair.

At any age, sun protection is important to reduce skin ageing and the risk of skin cancer.

To conclude, if you are looking for any assistance for medical treatment and accommodation for the same you can share latest medical reports via, email : query@gtsmeditour.com and get the medical opinion and treatment plan at free of cost and visa assistance aswell.

Happy to assist..!

Thank you 

GTS – India 

Dyshidrotic eczema

Jul 18, 2025 Posted by admin Dermatology 0 comments

Overview

Dyshidrotic eczema, also called dyshidrosis or pompholyx, is a type of eczema that causes tiny, itchy blisters and dry skin. It usually affects the skin between your fingers, on your palms and on the soles of your feet. The fluid-filled blisters look like small, cloudy beads. They’re about 1 to 2 millimeters wide — the size of a pinhead. Sometimes, they join together to form a larger blister. When the blisters dry out, your skin may turn scaly and crack. While the exact cause isn’t known, dyshidrotic eczema can be triggered by various factors including allergies, temperature changes, stress etc. You can manage mild symptoms at home between visits. This can help calm your skin.In some cases, oral medications like corticosteroids or immunosuppressants may be prescribed. 

Causes

Healthcare providers don’t know exactly what causes dyshidrotic eczema. They believe that both genes and the environment play a role. This condition can run in biological families. So, if your parent or sibling has it, you might get it, too. Certain things in your environment, like allergens or stress, can also trigger symptoms. Dyshidrotic eczema isn’t contagious. You can’t catch it from someone else. And you can’t spread it through physical contact.

Symptoms

Dyshidrotic eczema causes symptoms that come and go. These may last for several weeks at a time. The most common symptoms affect your skin and may include:

  • Small, firm blisters
  • Pain or soreness
  • Itching
  • Peeling or scaling
  • Changes in color
  • Extra sweating
  • Dryness and cracking (after blisters go away)

In severe cases, blisters may get bigger and spread to the backs of your fingers, hands and feet. They won’t spread to other parts of your body.

Diagnosis and Tests

  • Allergy test
  • Biopsy
  • Blood tests

These can also help rule out other conditions that look similar, like:

  • Contact dermatitis
  • Bullous pemphigoid
  • Hand, foot and mouth disease

Treatment

Treatment for dyshidrotic eczema may include:

  • Avoiding triggers: Your provider can help you figure out and avoid things that make your symptoms worse. This may include using unscented soaps, not wearing nickel jewelry and avoiding foods you’re allergic to.
  • Creating a skincare routine: This condition weakens your skin’s protective barrier. Using extra moisturizer keeps your skin hydrated. It prevents cracking and dryness.
  • Trying at-home remedies: You can manage mild symptoms at home between visits. This can help calm your skin.
  • Using medications: Your provider may prescribe creams or lotions to help your skin heal faster.
  • Treating the underlying cause: If your symptoms link to an underlying condition like athlete’s foot or excess sweating, your provider will treat those.

At-home treatments

You can do a few things at home to make your blisters more comfortable, including:

  • Gently washing the affected areas with mild soap
  • Applying an antibacterial cream or ointment
  • Covering the areas with a bandage or gauze
  • Changing your bandages at least once a day

It can be tempting to pop your blisters, but avoid doing this. The skin over your blisters helps protect the deeper layers from infection.

In addition to caring for blisters, you can try these steps to ease symptoms and help your skin heal:

  • Soak your hands and feet in cool water to help you relax.
  • Apply a cool compress for 10 to 15 minutes to lessen itching, then air dry and moisturize right away.
  • Use unscented moisturizers often throughout the day to help with dryness.

Outlook / Prognosis

What can I expect if I have dyshidrotic eczema?

Dyshidrotic eczema symptoms usually flare up and last about three to four weeks before clearing up. This condition affects everyone differently. You might only have symptoms once. Or you might have frequent flare-ups when you contact triggers like allergens, sweat or stress.

If you have repeated flare-ups, the condition may change your skin over time. Your skin could become dry, cracked or thicker. It can even affect your mental health if flare-ups keep happening. Treatment can help you avoid triggers and manage symptoms so they’re less uncomfortable.

Taking good care of your skin is a great first step to help you feel better. Your healthcare provider can work with you to manage this condition and keep your skin as healthy as possible.

Prevention

How can I prevent dishydrotic eczema flare-ups?

To lower your risk of new symptoms or flare-ups:

  • Use warm (not hot) water when washing your hands and wash your skin right after touching an allergen or known trigger
  • Use gloves when washing dishes or handling harsh chemicals
  • Skip new jewelry if you aren’t sure what it’s made of, and you have a metal allergy
  • Dry your hands and feet well after bathing or swimming

finally to conclude if you find any of your loved ones looking for any major treatment abroad you can connect us via Email – query@gtsmeditour.com and share the medical reports in order to assist you getting medical opinion and right treatment plan.

Thank you..!

Happy to assist..!

 

Pages:1234567...93›