Meaning
Melasma is a form of hyperpigmentation it’s not itchy or painful but can affect confidence, happens because of overproduction of the melanin triggered by sun exposure, during pregnancy, hormonal changes, genetics some medications and stress.It is common, harmless and some treatments may help. Melasma usually fades after a few months. Sometimes called the “mask of pregnancy” due to its link with hormonal shifts.
Some Common Triggers & Causes
- Sunlight: UV radiation stimulates melanin production, making sun exposure a major factor.
- Hormones: Pregnancy, oral contraceptives, and hormonal therapies are significant triggers.
- Genetics: A hereditary tendency to develop melasma exists.
- Visible Light: Light from screens and devices can also worsen it.
Types of melasma
There are three types of melasma and they have to do with the depth of the pigment. A Wood’s lamp that emits black light may be used to determine the depth of the pigment. The three types are:
- Epidermal: Epidermal melasma has a dark brown color, a well-defined border, appears obvious under black light and sometimes responds well to treatment.
- Dermal: Dermal melasma has a light brown or bluish color, a blurry border, appears no differently under black light and doesn’t respond well to treatment.
- Mixed melasma: Mixed melasma, which is the most common of the three, has both bluish and brown patches, shows a mixed pattern under black light and shows some response to treatment.
Treatment & Management
Melasma can be stubborn and difficult to treat effectively. A dermatologist can help determine the best course of action.
Sun Protection:Essential, including broad-spectrum SPF 50+, hats, and avoiding midday sun.Topical Treatments: Can involve prescription creams, chemical peels, or laser therapy, often needing long-term maintenance. Medicated creams, such as hydroquinone, tretinoin, and azelaic acid, are common treatments that help lighten the dark patches by reducing melanin production.Procedures: For persistent cases, in-office procedures like chemical peels, microdermabrasion, or certain laser therapies may be recommended, though these should only be performed by a board-certified dermatologist due to potential risks, especially in darker skin tones.In many cases, especially when triggered by pregnancy or medication, melasma may fade on its own after the trigger is removed. However, without strict sun avoidance, it can easily return.This article is for informational purposes only. For medical advice or diagnosis, consult a professional or connect us at query@gtsmeditour.com or whatsapp on +91 9164822440 for free second opinion and best treatment options .Thank you..!