A hip fracture is a break in  the upper portion of the femur ( thigh bone) . Most hip fractures occur in elderly patients whose bones have become weakened by osteoporosis . When a hip fracture occurs in a younger patient it is typically the result of a high energy event such as a fall from a ladder or vehicle collision

SYMPTOMS

• Inability to get up from a fall or to walk
• Severe pain in your hip or groin
• Inability to put weight on your leg on the side of your injured hip
• Bruising and swelling in and around your hip area
• Outward turning of your leg on the side of your injured hip

RISK FACTORS

• Age
• Osteoporosis
• Other chronic medical conditions
• Nutritional problems
• Physical inactivity

COMPLICATIONS

• Blood clots in your legs or lungs
• Bedsore
• Urinary tract infection
• Pneumonia
• Further loss of muscle mass, increasing your risk of falls and injuries
• Death

TREATMENT

Most hip fractures occurs in one of the two locations on the long bone that extends from your pelvis to your knee

• The Femoral neck- This area is situated in the upper portion of your femur, just below the ball part( femoral head ) of the ball and socket joint
• The intertrochanteric region- This region is a little farther down from the hip joint , in the portion of your upper femur that juts outside

Treatment of hip fracture usually involves a combination of surgery , rehabilitation and medication

Surgery- The type of surgery you have generally depends on the the where and how  severe the fracture is , whether the broken bones aren’t properly aligned and your age and underlying health conditions. The options include :

• Internal repair using screws
• Total Hip replacement
• Partial hip  replacement
• Your doctor might suggest total or partial hip replacement if the blood supply to the ball part of the hip joint was damaged during the fracture

Rehabilitation- Physical therapy will initially focus on  range of motion and strengthening exercises.

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