Overview

Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition. When you inhale an allergen, such as pollen, mold, or dust mites, your lungs become inflamed, and your airways tighten. This type of asthma is very common in both children and adults. Symptoms of allergic asthma can include shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, stuffy nose, itchy eyes and a rash.

When you have allergies, your body creates a response to something it thinks is a threat — the allergen. Your immune system fires up all of its defenses to try and fight off this danger. Your immune system releases various chemicals that cause inflammation, or swelling, and squeezing of your airways upon exposure to an allergen. You might need to use fast-acting rescue medicines, long-term treatments, or both, further your doctor may recommend a nebulizer. This machine changes asthma medications from a liquid to a mist so it’s easier to get the medicine into your lungs.

If you or a loved one has  allergic asthma, it’s important to understand what your triggers are. Once you figure that out, you can take steps to avoid them. As a result, you’ll have fewer and less severe asthma attacks.

Symptoms and Causes

If you have allergic asthma, you may have many of the same symptoms you’d experience with other types of asthma. These symptoms can include:

• Feeling short of breath.
• Coughing frequently, especially at night.
• Wheezing (a whistling noise during breathing).
• Experiencing chest tightness (feeling like something is pressing on your chest).

Allergen exposure can also trigger other symptoms, including:

• A stuffy nose/Congestion
• Nasal drainage
• Itchy or watery eyes.
• A rash or hives.
• Flaky skin

Diagnosis and Tests

Management and Treatment

Treatment can involve avoiding the allergen or making lifestyle changes, and medications.

Avoiding the allergen

Your provider will help you figure out what’s triggering your asthma and find ways to either avoid or manage these allergens. Often, these triggers are in your environment. Once you know what they are, you can manage your interactions with them. This might mean hiring someone to cut your grass if you know that pollen is a trigger for your asthma, or avoiding places with a lot of animals if dander is a trigger for you.

Depending on what triggers your asthma, other steps you can take include:

• Cleaning your house frequently. This could include frequent mopping and dusting and washing your bedding and pillows in hot water every week.
• Using dust and allergen-proof sheets and pillows on your bed.
• Keeping house and car windows closed during peak pollen season. You can also avoid being outside when pollen counts are highest or wear glasses, face masks or other protective equipment when outdoors.
• Using high-quality filters in your home air conditioning units or running an air purifier.
• Developing an action plan. It’s important to have a plan in place that helps you know when to take certain medications, what to do if the medications aren’t working and who to call in those situations. The plan should include what to do during an asthma attack.

Medical treatment

Medications for allergy-induced asthma may include:

• Leukotriene modifiers: This is the name for a group of medications that treat both allergies and asthma. Montelukast (Singulair®) is one of the most common leukotriene modifiers.
• Allergy shots: Also called immunotherapy, allergy shots can reduce how your immune system reacts to an allergen. It involves getting regular injections (shots) of the allergen to build up your tolerance over time.
• Rescue inhalers: These offer fast relief for asthma symptoms by opening up your airways so you can breathe better.
• Antihistamines: This type of medication reduces mild to moderate allergy symptoms like itching skin or watery eyes. Your provider may suggest taking an antihistamine as part of your treatment plan.
• Corticosteroids: Both oral and inhaled corticosteroids can help prevent allergy-induced asthma symptoms by reducing inflammation in your airways.
• Biologics: These are small proteins that your provider injects to help treat the underlying cause of asthma. This treatment is for moderate or severe allergic asthma.

Conclusion

There isn’t a cure for allergic asthma, but  you can reduce your risk of an allergic asthma attack by understanding and avoiding triggers and ensuring you’re using the best medical treatment to manage your asthma.

If you or a loved one has  allergic asthma, it’s important to understand what your triggers are. Once you figure that out, you can take steps to avoid them. As a result, you’ll have fewer and less severe asthma attacks.

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